10622/DN9QDMKessler, Gijs and Andrei MarkevichGijs and Andrei MarkevichKessler0000-0002-8666-0047IISH Data Collection2017Arts and HumanitiesSocial SciencesRussiaKessler, GijsGijsKesslerInternational Institute of Social HistoryRombert Stapel2017-05-292025-02-2833792001265664application/octet-streamapplication/octet-stream3.3These GIS maps were created for the visualisation of data on Russian social and economic development from the late 18th to the early twenty-first centuries, available at: <a href="https://ristat.org/">https://ristat.org/</a>. <br>The current dataset, pertaining to the Russian Empire in 1897 (both district and province or <em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governorates_of_the_Russian_Empire" target="_blank">governorate</a></em> boundaries) has been cleaned and prepared by Rombert Stapel (IISH). The file format (Geopackage) is an open, non-proprietary, platform-independent and standards-based data format for GIS and can be opened in most GIS software applications.41.1965821221863-180180.00000033527677.7322091562128